|
Expert systems / knowledge based systems:
Use artificial intelligence / emulate human knowledge to solve problems.
Is a computer program containing a knowledge base and set of algorithm and rules used to infer new facts from knowledge and incoming data.
- Rule-based programming: Is a common way of developing
expert systems.
- Pattern matching: Based on if-then logic units.
- Inference engine: A mechanism that automatically matches facts
against patterns and determines which rules are applicable.
Artificial Neureal Networks:
Is an electronic model based on the neural structure of the brain.
Tries to replicate the basic functions of neurons and their circuitry to solve problems in a new way.
Java:
Is a platform independent because it creates intermediate code, bytecode, which is not processor specific. The Java Virtual Machine then converts the bytecode to machine code.
Java applets use a security scheme that employs a sandbox to limit the applet's access to certain specific areas within the user's system and protects them from malicious or poorly written applets.
ActiveX:
Microsoft technology that is used to write controls that Internet users can download to increase their functionality and Internet experience.
Practices security by informing the user where the program came from. Uses authenticode technology that relies on digital certificates and trusting certificate authorities.
Malicious Code:
Viruses, worms, trojan horses, logic bombs, ...
Can be detected by:
- File size increase
- Many unexpected disk accesses
- Change in update or modified timestamps
Virus:
Is a program that searches out other programs and infects them by embedding a copy of itself. When the infected program executes, the embedded virus is executed which propagates the infection.
- Boot sector virus: Move data within the boot sector or overwrite the sector with new information
- Stealth virus: Hides the modifications that it has made to files or boot records.
- Polymorphic virus: Produces varied but operational copies of itself.
- Mulitpart virus: Infects both the boot sector of a hard drive and executable files.
- Self-garbling virus: Attempts to hide from antivirus software by garbling its own code. As the virus spreads, it changes the way its code is encoded.
Worm:
They can reproduce on their own with no need for a host application and that they are self-contained programs.
|
|
